Foundations of Geography

This contribution begins with a presentation of the three articles that constitute this part of the geography topic, which are: Main stages of the development, Theory and Methods, and Geographical Education. It continues with the analysis of the basis of the development of modern geographic thought, in which the scientific, institutional, social and political fundamental contexts are presented. It continues with the description of the basis of the geographical approach, what geographers do and what they think. There is a part dedicated to the traditional focus on the study of regions and how it has evolved through the years. The present day diversification of subject matters in geography and the plurality of approaches in modern human geography are also discussed. The text ends with a discussion on the present dilemma in the relationships between physical and human geography and with an overview of the future prospects in the discipline.